Which condition is characterized by an extreme focus on weight loss typically through dieting?

Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by an intense preoccupation with weight loss that manifests primarily through restrictive eating and an intense fear of gaining weight, even if the individual is underweight. People with this condition often have a distorted body image, seeing themselves as overweight even when they are not. This psychological aspect leads to severe dieting practices, extreme calorie restriction, and can have significant health consequences.

In contrast, hyperthyroidism involves an overactive thyroid gland that can increase metabolism, potentially leading to weight loss, but it is a medical condition rather than a behavior driven by a desire to lose weight. Bulimia Nervosa typically involves cycles of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like purging, which is distinct from the extreme restriction seen in anorexia. Overeating disorder, as the name suggests, focuses on excessive food intake rather than weight loss. Thus, Anorexia Nervosa is the condition that most closely aligns with the extreme focus on weight loss through dieting.