What typically causes the Moon to appear blue, red, or orange during certain visibility conditions?

The Moon appears blue, red, or orange during certain visibility conditions primarily due to atmospheric particles. When the Moon rises or sets, it has to pass through a greater thickness of the Earth's atmosphere compared to when it is overhead. During this passage, gases, water vapor, and particles such as dust and pollution scatter shorter wavelengths of light (like blues and violets) more than the longer wavelengths (like reds and oranges). As a result, the light from the Moon can take on these warmer hues, especially when there are increased particles in the air, such as after a wildfire, volcanic eruption, or during pollution. This scattering effect is similar to why we see colorful sunrises and sunsets, with the Moon displaying similar characteristics under the right atmospheric conditions.