What set of rules governs the format of data sent over the Internet?

The correct choice is the Internet Protocol, which is essential for governing the format of data sent over the Internet. Internet Protocol, often abbreviated as IP, defines how data packets are transmitted across networks. It specifies the structure of packets and how they are addressed, routed, and managed, enabling different devices and networks to communicate with one another effectively.

This set of rules is fundamental to the functionality of the Internet as it ensures that data can travel from the source to the destination without loss or incorrect interpretation. The proper functioning of various applications, services, and websites relies heavily on adherence to these protocols.

In contrast, the other options do not govern the fundamental data transmission rules on the Internet. The World Wide Web rules pertain more to standards related to content and organization, cyber laws deal with legal aspects of online behavior, and JavaScript is a programming language used primarily for enhancing interactive features on web pages but does not address data transmission protocol.