What phenomenon can be caused by underwater earthquakes, leading to massive waves?

The phenomenon caused by underwater earthquakes that leads to the formation of massive waves is called a tsunami. When an earthquake occurs on the ocean floor, it displaces a large volume of water, creating waves that travel outward in all directions. These waves can gather tremendous speed and energy, culminating in large, destructive waves when they reach shallow coastal areas.

This process is quite different from tides, which are caused primarily by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun. Depth charges are an explosive device used underwater, typically in military contexts, and rip currents refer to strong, narrow currents flowing out to sea. Understanding the nature and origin of tsunamis is essential, especially in regard to disaster preparedness in coastal regions that can be affected by such seismic activities.