What happens to the center of buoyancy when a ship is stable?

When a ship is stable, the center of buoyancy is indeed influenced by the position of the center of gravity, which is the point where the weight of the vessel acts downwards. The center of buoyancy is the center of volume of the submerged portion of the ship, and it shifts based on how the ship is loaded, how it is oriented in the water, and the shape of the hull.

For stability, particularly in righting moments, as the ship tilts or heels due to external forces, the center of buoyancy will move laterally to re-establish equilibrium. A stable ship has a center of gravity that is positioned below the center of buoyancy; this creates an upward buoyant force that tends to right the ship if it is tilted. Therefore, when the ship shifts, the center of buoyancy adjusts its position in relation to the center of gravity to help maintain stability, thereby reinforcing the connection between these two points in ensuring the vessel remains upright and balanced.

This dynamic movement is crucial for maintaining stability when a ship encounters waves, wind, or shifting cargo. The other options do not accurately describe the relationship and behavior of the center of buoyancy in relation to a stable ship.