On which two-seat aircraft do Navy and Marine Corps students receive their primary flight training?

The T-34C Turbomentor is indeed the correct choice as it is the primary aircraft utilized by Navy and Marine Corps students for their flight training. This aircraft is a tandem two-seat trainer designed to accommodate both instructor and student pilots, allowing for effective hands-on training in various flight operations.

The T-34C features a robust design and advanced avionics compared to earlier training aircraft, making it suitable for introducing students to basic flight maneuvers, navigation, and instrument flight rules. Its reliable turbo-prop engine and relatively forgiving handling characteristics make it an ideal platform for building essential flying skills.

In contrast, the other options represent different aircraft types and purposes. The T-2B Buckeye, while a previous trainer, is not currently used for primary training in the Navy and Marine Corps. The T-38 Talon is primarily used for advanced jet training rather than initial pilot training. The T-4A Goshawk is primarily used by the Navy as a jet trainer, but is not the primary flight training aircraft for students. Hence, the T-34C holds its position as the preferred platform for early-stage pilot training in the Navy and Marine Corps.