During a full Moon, where is the Earth located in relation to the Moon and the Sun?

During a full Moon, the Earth is positioned directly between the Moon and the Sun. This alignment allows the sunlight to fully illuminate the side of the Moon that faces the Earth, creating the bright appearance we associate with a full Moon. The Moon orbits the Earth, and when the Earth stands between the Moon and the Sun, the entire lunar surface facing Earth reflects sunlight, resulting in the Moon appearing fully illuminated.

The other options are not consistent with this astronomical phenomenon. For instance, suggesting that the Earth and the Sun are equal distances from the Moon would imply a different alignment, while the Moon being between the Earth and the Sun describes a new Moon, which is the opposite phase. Furthermore, stating that the Earth is farthest from both the Moon and the Sun does not accurately reflect the positions during a full Moon.